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8 Universal Rules of English Grammar

Rule #7: Causative Verbs

What is "Causative"?

The word "Causative" means when a subject gets its work done by someone else rather than doing it themselves.

Understanding Causative Verbs

Causative verbs show that the subject causes or arranges for someone else to do an action. Instead of doing the work directly, the subject gets the work done through others.

Direct Action

I repaired the car.

Subject does the work himself

Causative Action

I got my car repaired.

Subject gets the work done by others

Forms of GET (Causative Verb)

FORM	USAGE
GET	First form - used with modals and infinitives
GETS	Present tense with singular subjects (he, she, it)
GOT	Past tense and past participle (V2/V3)
GOTTEN	V3 form (outdated, rarely used currently)
GETTING	V+ing form for continuous tenses

Two Categories of Causative Verbs

Causative verbs work in TWO ways:

1. As Main Verb

2. As Causative Verb

Category 1: GET as Main Verb

When causative verbs work as main verbs, they have multiple meanings such as understand, possess, own, obtain, do, etc.

Obtain: I got good marks in English. → (got = obtained)
Do/Become: Get ready fast! → (get = become/do)
Understand: Have you got my point? → (got = understood)
Receive: She gets salary every month. → (gets = receives)
Arrive: What time did you get home? → (get = arrive)

Category 2: GET as Causative Verb

When working as causative verbs, they take another main verb after them to complete the sentence and make it grammatically correct. The subject arranges for someone else to perform the action.

Causative Verb + Main Verb = Complete Meaning
Subject gets work done by others!

Key Concept: Two Patterns for Causative Verbs

Pattern 1: With THINGS

GET + THING + V3

When followed by objects/things, use V3

Pattern 2: With PERSONS

GET + PERSON + TO + V1

When followed by people, use TO + V1

Pattern 1 Examples: GET + THING + V3

The government is getting the bridge constructed. → (bridge = thing, constructed = V3)
They got their wedding photos framed for their new home. → (photos = thing, framed = V3)
He is getting his documents verified for visa application. → (documents = thing, verified = V3)
She gets her hair cut every month. → (hair = thing, cut = V3)
We will get the house painted next week. → (house = thing, painted = V3)

Pattern 2 Examples: GET + PERSON + TO + V1

She got a friend to help us. → (friend = person, to help = to + V1)
I will get my brother to drive you home. → (brother = person, to drive = to + V1)
They got the mechanic to fix the engine. → (mechanic = person, to fix = to + V1)
She gets her students to participate actively. → (students = persons, to participate = to + V1)
He will get his father to approve the plan. → (father = person, to approve = to + V1)

Practice Questions - Rule 7

Question 1: They got their wedding photos _______ for their new home.

(a) framed ✓ (b) frame (c) to frame (d) framing

Answer: (a) framed
"Photos" is a thing, so use V3 form after causative verb.

Question 2: He is getting his documents _______ for visa application.

(a) verified ✓ (b) verify (c) to verify (d) verifying

Answer: (a) verified
"Documents" is a thing, so use V3 form "verified".

Question 3: She got her friend _______ with the project.

(a) helped (b) to help ✓ (c) help (d) helping

Answer: (b) painted
"House" is a thing, so use V3 form "painted".

Question 5: I will get my brother _______ you to the airport.

(a) drive (b) to drive ✓ (c) driven (d) driving

Answer: (b) to drive
"Brother" is a person, so use "to + V1" structure.

Quick Quiz - Rule 7

Quiz 1: She gets her hair _______ every month.

(a) cut ✓ (b) to cut (c) cutting (d) cuts

Quiz 2: They got the mechanic _______ the car.

(a) fixed (b) to fix ✓ (c) fix (d) fixing

Quiz 3: I got good marks in the exam. (Here "got" means _______)

(a) obtained ✓ (b) understood (c) arranged (d) became

Quiz 4: We are getting the office _______ this weekend.

(a) clean (b) cleaned ✓ (c) to clean (d) cleaning

Quiz 5: He got his teacher _______ extra classes.

(a) conducted (b) to conduct ✓ (c) conduct (d) conducting

Remember: GET + THING + V3 | GET + PERSON + TO + V1

Rule #8: Conjunctive Clauses

Breaking Down the Term:

Conjunctive: Connecting or joining words/phrases

Clause: A group of words with a subject and predicate

Conjunctive Clause: Connecting phrases that join ideas and determine verb forms

Understanding Conjunctive Clauses

Conjunctive clauses are specific time-related expressions that connect ideas and influence the form of verbs that follow them. These clauses create grammatical patterns that native speakers use naturally.

Main Conjunctive Clauses (Time Expressions)

It is time It is high time It is appropriate time It is right time It is good time

🔔 GENERAL RULE 🔔

All conjunctive clauses naturally take V2 (second form of verb)

But there are two important exceptions!

General Rule: Conjunctive Clause + V2

It is right time we worked harder. → (worked = V2)
It is high time she understood the situation. → (understood = V2)
It is appropriate time they took responsibility. → (took = V2)
It is good time we started the project. → (started = V2)

Exception Cases

Exception 1: When "TO" is Present → Use V1

If the conjunctive clause is followed by "TO", then we use the first form of the verb (V1) instead of the second form.

Pattern: Conjunctive Clause + TO + V1

It is right time to study hard. → (to study = to + V1)
It is good time to start a business. → (to start = to + V1)
It is high time to take action. → (to take = to + V1)
It is appropriate time to make changes. → (to make = to + V1)

Exception 2: When Preposition is Present → Use V+ing

When a preposition appears after the conjunctive clause, it is followed by the V+ing form of the verb.

What is a Preposition?

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words in a sentence.

Note: We will discuss prepositions in detail in future topics. For now, just understand this concept briefly.

Common Prepositions

FOR OF IN ON AT BY WITH FROM

Pattern: Conjunctive Clause + Preposition + V+ing

It is good time for making an investment. → (for making)
It is right time of celebrating our success. → (of celebrating)
It is appropriate time for taking responsibility. → (for taking)
It is high time of implementing the plan. → (of implementing)

Practice Questions - Rule 8

Question 1: It is high time we _______ our mistakes.

(a) realize (b) realized ✓ (c) realizing (d) have realized

Answer: (b) realized
Conjunctive clause without "to" or preposition takes V2 form.

Question 2: It is right time to _______ our goals.

(a) achieve ✓ (b) achieved (c) achieving (d) achieves

Answer: (a) achieve
Exception: "to" is present, so use V1 form.

Question 3: It is good time for _______ new opportunities.

(a) explore (b) explored (c) exploring ✓ (d) to explore

Answer: (c) exploring
Exception: Preposition "for" is present, so use V+ing form.

Question 4: It is appropriate time they _______ the plan.

(a) implement (b) implemented ✓ (c) implementing (d) to implement

Answer: (b) implemented
General rule: Conjunctive clause without "to" or preposition takes V2 form.

Question 5: It is time of _______ the truth.

(a) tell (b) told (c) telling ✓ (d) to tell

Answer: (c) telling
Exception: Preposition "of" is present, so use V+ing form.

Quick Quiz - Rule 8

Quiz 1: It is high time to _______ a decision.

(a) make ✓ (b) made (c) making (d) makes

Quiz 2: It is good time she _______ her studies seriously.

(a) take (b) took ✓ (c) taking (d) taken

Quiz 3: It is right time for _______ our heritage.

(a) preserve (b) preserved (c) preserving ✓ (d) to preserve

📚 Comprehensive Quiz - Rules 7 & 8

Test your understanding of Causative Verbs and Conjunctive Clauses with this comprehensive practice quiz!

Complete Quiz - 10 Questions

Q1: She got her car _______ at the service center.

(a) repaired ✓ (b) repair (c) to repair (d) repairing

Rule 7: "Car" is a thing, so use V3 form "repaired" after causative verb.

Q2: It is high time we _______ our differences.

(a) resolve (b) resolved ✓ (c) resolving (d) to resolve

Rule 8: Conjunctive clause without "to" or preposition takes V2 form "resolved".

Q3: They got their teacher _______ extra classes for weak students.

(a) arranged (b) to arrange ✓ (c) arrange (d) arranging

Rule 7: "Teacher" is a person, so use TO + V1 structure "to arrange".

Q4: It is appropriate time for _______ new initiatives.

(a) launch (b) launched (c) launching ✓ (d) to launch

Rule 8: Preposition "for" is present, so use V+ing form "launching".

Q5: We are getting our house _______ before the festival.

(a) renovate (b) renovated ✓ (c) to renovate (d) renovating

Rule 7: "House" is a thing, so use V3 form "renovated" after causative verb.

Q6: It is good time to _______ our savings.

(a) increased (b) increase ✓ (c) increasing (d) increases

Rule 8: Exception: "to" is present, so use V1 form "increase".

Q7: He got his brother _______ him move to the new apartment.

(a) helped (b) to help ✓ (c) help (d) helping

Rule 7: "Brother" is a person, so use TO + V1 structure "to help".

Q8: It is right time they _______ their studies seriously.

(a) take (b) took ✓ (c) taking (d) taken

Rule 8: General rule: Conjunctive clause without "to" or preposition takes V2 form "took".

Q9: She gets her documents _______ by a professional agency.

(a) translate (b) translated ✓ (c) to translate (d) translating

Rule 7: "Documents" are things, so use V3 form "translated" after causative verb.

Q10: It is high time of _______ our cultural values.

(a) preserve (b) preserved (c) preserving ✓ (d) to preserve

Rule 8: Exception: Preposition "of" is present, so use V+ing form "preserving".

🎉 Outstanding Achievement! 🎉

You've successfully completed all 8 Universal Rules of English Grammar!

🔧 Rule 7: Causative Verbs - GET + THING + V3 | GET + PERSON + TO + V1
⏰ Rule 8: Conjunctive Clauses - General V2, Exception: TO → V1, Preposition → V+ing

Congratulations on mastering all the fundamental grammar rules! 💪

Mission Accomplished! 🏆

You have successfully completed all 8 Universal Rules of English Grammar!

🎯 What's Next? Advanced Grammar Concepts Await!

In our next article, we'll dive deep into the detailed concepts of Subject-Verb Agreement - one of the most crucial aspects of English grammar that builds upon these universal rules!

📊 Your Grammar Journey Summary

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"From Universal Rules to Advanced Concepts - Your Grammar Excellence Journey Continues! 🚀"

Get ready for Subject-Verb Agreement mastery in our upcoming detailed guide!

8 UNIVERSAL RULES OF ENGLISH: PART-3