THE HINDU - COMPREHENSIVE CURRENT AFFAIRS- 28 September 2025
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Introduction
Today's edition brings significant developments across multiple sectors that are crucial for competitive exam aspirants. The government has launched the Unified RERA Portal to strengthen real estate regulations, while strategic security measures are being considered along the China border with proposed Border Wing Home Guards. Economic policies continue to evolve with various initiatives aimed at boosting growth and development. These developments span across governance, international relations, economy, and administrative reforms - all critical areas for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State competitive examinations.
National, Politics & Governance
Unified RERA Portal Launch
Headline: Minister of Housing and Urban Affairs launched the Unified Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA) portal on September 5, 2025, during the 5th meeting of the Central Advisory Council in New Delhi.
Context & Background: The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 was enacted to regulate the real estate sector and protect the interests of homebuyers. Prior to this unified portal, different states had separate RERA portals, leading to fragmented information and inconsistent implementation.
Key Concepts: RERA is a central legislation that establishes Real Estate Regulatory Authorities in states to regulate real estate transactions, ensure transparency, and protect consumer interests. The unified portal creates a single digital platform for all RERA-related activities across states.
Significance & Exam Relevance: This topic is highly relevant for UPSC Mains (GS Paper III - Economy), SSC exams, and Banking exams as it relates to regulatory reforms, digital governance, and consumer protection mechanisms.
Stakeholders: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, State RERA Authorities, real estate developers, homebuyers, Central Advisory Council
Impact/Implications: Enhanced transparency in real estate transactions, unified complaint redressal system, standardized processes across states, better data management, and improved ease of doing business in real estate sector.
International Relations & Diplomacy
Border Wing Home Guards Proposal for China Border
Headline: Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is considering raising Border Wing Home Guards (BWHGs) along the China border, similar to their deployment along the India-Pakistan border.
Context & Background: Border Wing Home Guards are currently deployed along the India-Pakistan border as auxiliary forces. The proposal comes amid ongoing border tensions and the need to strengthen border security infrastructure along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China.
Key Concepts: BWHGs are voluntary auxiliary forces drawn from local civilian populations living in border areas. They act as support to the Army and border guarding forces, providing local intelligence and assistance in border management.
Significance & Exam Relevance: Critical for UPSC Mains (GS Paper III - Security), defence-related questions in SSC CGL, and current affairs in banking exams. Understanding border management strategies is essential for competitive exams.
Stakeholders: Ministry of Home Affairs, Indian Army, Border Security Force (BSF), local border communities, China
Impact/Implications: Enhanced border surveillance, utilization of local knowledge, cost-effective border management, community involvement in national security, potential diplomatic considerations with China.
Economy & Finance
Economic Reforms Legacy - P.V. Narasimha Rao
Headline: Recognition of P.V. Narasimha Rao as the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms" continues to influence current economic policies and the P.V. Narasimha Rao Memorial Foundation remains active in policy discourse.
Context & Background: P.V. Narasimha Rao, who served as Prime Minister from 1991-1996, initiated landmark economic liberalization policies that transformed India's economic landscape. The 1991 economic reforms included devaluation of the rupee, reduction of import tariffs, and dismantling of the License Raj system.
Key Concepts: Economic liberalization refers to the removal of government restrictions on economic and trade policies. License Raj was the elaborate system of licenses, regulations and red tape that were required to set up and run businesses in India before 1991.
Significance & Exam Relevance: Fundamental topic for UPSC Mains (GS Paper III - Economy), Economic Survey questions, and historical economic policy questions in banking and SSC exams.
Stakeholders: P.V. Narasimha Rao Memorial Foundation (headquartered in Hyderabad), economic policy makers, business community
Impact/Implications: Foundation of modern Indian economy, continuous influence on current economic policies, model for developing economies globally, basis for India's integration with global markets.
Science & Technology
Removable Solar Panel System Innovation
Headline: India Post unveiled a removable solar panel system between railway tracks at Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BEL), Varanasi, representing a breakthrough in renewable energy infrastructure.
Context & Background: India has committed to achieving 500 GW renewable energy capacity by 2030. Innovative solutions like solar panels between railway tracks maximize land utilization while generating clean energy.
Key Concepts: Removable solar panel systems allow for maintenance and track operations while generating renewable energy. This technology represents dual-use infrastructure maximizing space efficiency.
Significance & Exam Relevance: Important for UPSC Mains (GS Paper III - Environment and Technology), questions on renewable energy in SSC, and current affairs in banking exams related to green financing.
Stakeholders: India Post, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
Impact/Implications: Efficient land utilization, reduced carbon footprint of transportation sector, potential model for other countries, integration of postal and railway infrastructure for sustainability.
Environment & Ecology
Green Energy Integration in Transportation
Headline: The integration of solar panel systems in railway infrastructure represents India's commitment to sustainable transportation and meeting climate goals.
Context & Background: Transportation sector accounts for significant carbon emissions. India's railway network, one of the world's largest, is crucial for achieving climate targets under the Paris Agreement.
Key Concepts: Sustainable transportation involves reducing environmental impact through clean energy integration. Carbon footprint reduction in transportation is essential for climate change mitigation.
Significance & Exam Relevance: Critical for UPSC Mains environment questions, climate change topics in various competitive exams, and questions on India's climate commitments.
Stakeholders: Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Railways, international climate organizations, local communities
Impact/Implications: Reduced greenhouse gas emissions, energy independence for transportation, model for sustainable infrastructure development, contribution to international climate goals.
Social Issues & Schemes
Digital Governance and Consumer Protection
Headline: The Unified RERA Portal launch represents enhanced digital governance and consumer protection in the real estate sector, benefiting millions of homebuyers.
Context & Background: Real estate sector has historically faced issues of delayed projects, lack of transparency, and inadequate consumer protection. Digital platforms provide better grievance redressal mechanisms.
Key Concepts: Digital governance involves using technology to improve government services and citizen interaction. Consumer protection ensures fair practices and prevents exploitation in commercial transactions.
Significance & Exam Relevance: Important for questions on good governance, digitization initiatives, consumer rights, and administrative reforms in competitive exams.
Stakeholders: Homebuyers, real estate developers, regulatory authorities, legal system, consumer advocacy groups
Impact/Implications: Enhanced consumer confidence, improved market transparency, standardized processes, reduced litigation, better investor sentiment in real estate sector.
Quick Facts / Revision Notes
| Topic | Key Facts | Exam Relevance |
| RERA Act | Enacted in 2016, Unified Portal launched September 5, 2025 | GS Paper III, Banking, SSC |
| Border Wing Home Guards | Auxiliary forces, deployed at India-Pakistan border, proposed for China border | Internal Security, Defence |
| P.V. Narasimha Rao | PM 1991-1996, "Father of Economic Reforms", Foundation HQ: Hyderabad | Economic History, Polity |
| Solar Panel Innovation | Removable system between railway tracks, unveiled at BEL Varanasi | Science & Technology |
| India's Renewable Target | 500 GW renewable capacity by 2030 | Environment, Climate Change |
| Economic Reforms (1991) | Devaluation, reduced tariffs, end of License Raj | Economic Survey, History |
Important MCQs for Revision
| Question | Options | Answer |
| RERA Act was enacted in which year? | A) 2015 B) 2016 C) 2017 D) 2018 | B) 2016 |
| Who is known as "Father of Indian Economic Reforms"? | A) Manmohan Singh B) P.V. Narasimha Rao C) Rajiv Gandhi D) Atal Bihari Vajpayee | B) P.V. Narasimha Rao |
| India's renewable energy target by 2030 is: | A) 300 GW B) 400 GW C) 500 GW D) 600 GW | C) 500 GW |
| Border Wing Home Guards are currently deployed along: | A) India-China border B) India-Pakistan border C) India-Bangladesh border D) All borders | B) India-Pakistan border |
Conclusion
Today's current affairs highlight India's continuous journey toward administrative efficiency, security enhancement, and sustainable development. The launch of the Unified RERA Portal demonstrates the government's commitment to digital governance and consumer protection. The proposal for Border Wing Home Guards along the China border reflects strategic security planning. Innovation in renewable energy integration shows India's dedication to environmental sustainability. For competitive exam aspirants, these developments encompass critical areas of governance, security, economy, and environment. Understanding these interconnected themes, their historical context, and future implications will be crucial for success in UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State examinations. Focus on the stakeholders involved, policy implications, and the broader impact on India's development trajectory when studying these topics.